Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

The Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars (JJES) is supported by a diverse and experienced Editorial Board. Our editors provide academic leadership, ensure rigorous peer review, and uphold the highest standards of publication ethics. Together, they guide the journal’s vision of advancing research in Education, Business, Arts and Humanities, and Social and Behavioral Sciences, ensuring rigorous peer review and adherence to the highest standards of academic publishing.

Editor-in-Chief

Prof. Datuk Dr. Chin Yuk Fong
President
Jesselton University College, Malaysia

Associate Editors

Prof. Dr. Valliappan Raju
Professor of Finance and Fintech, Vice President (Research)
Gisma University of Applied Sciences, Germany

Emeritus Prof. Dr. Bala Shanmugan
Centre of Postgraduate Studies
Jesselton University College, Malaysia

Editorial Board

Emeritus Prof. Dr. Hendrik Halim
Former President (Jakarta Campus)
Central Queensland University, Australia

Prof. Dr. Siva Sunasundram
Vice-Chancellor
Twintech International University College of Technology, Malaysia

Prof. Dr. Kita Motohiro
President
Crossborder Business School, Japan

Dr. Kenith Leung Ompok
Lecturer, School of Business
Hang Seng University of Hong Kong

Prof. Dr. Vincent Oh
Business Faculty, Head of Programme
Jesselton University College, Malaysia

Prof. Dr. Chieko Ienaga
Dean of Tourism & Hospitality Management
Tamagawa University, Tokyo, Japan

Dr. Ma Youjun
Director of Integration Development Center, School of Integrated Circuits
Shandong University, China

Adj. Prof. Dr. Noorzareith Sofeia Bte Noordin
Assistant Director, Centre for Professional and Continuing Education
Sunway University, Malaysia

Advisory Board

Prof. Dr. Preeti Bajaj
Chair-Elect
IEEE India Council, India

Prof. Dr. Chau Ka Yin
Director of Asia Pacific Business Research Center
City University of Macau, Macau

Prof. Dr. Krishnakumar Ramachandran
Visiting Professor, School of Business
University of Southampton, United Kingdom

Prof. Dr. Michael Huen Sum Lam
Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

Managing Editor

Chris Lee
Managing Editor
Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars, Jesselton University College, Malaysia